Newborn resuscitation concentrates on providing adequate ventilation. Adequate ventilation occurs when each breath delivered with PPV causes a visible chest rise.

It is rare for the newly born to deteriorate when adequate ventilation is taking place. Hence, the provider only performs chest compressions after ensuring effective PPV for 30 seconds. 

Chest compressions should be administered when the newborn’s heart rate is < 60 bpm after at least 30 seconds of PPV with visible chest rise.