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Oncologic Emergencies – Tumor Lysis Syndrome Video
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Video at a Glance
- Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) occurs due to an interaction between cancer and the treatment.
- Cancer cells contain large concentrations of certain electrolytes, particularly potassium, and when chemotherapy destroys these rapidly dividing cells, the bloodstream is inundated with potassium and uric acid.
- Elevated uric acid blocks distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts, leading to renal failure, which further causes potassium levels to spike, leading to hyperkalemia.
- Patients with acute myeloid leukemia, high-grade lymphomas, or other bulky, solid tumors can develop TLS. Rescuers should take preventative measures and regularly check uric acid levels via labs.
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