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Cancer Genetics – Review of DNA & Proteins Video
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Video at a Glance
- 23 pairs of genes make up the human genome.
- Chromosomes are composed of tightly coiled strands of DNA in a helix structure, connected by base pairs of nucleotides.
- In DNA, the four nucleotides are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine.
- Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine.
- Proteins provide structure and function to cells, and DNA codes for proteins using mRNA.
- mRNA is similar to DNA, but its nucleotides have uracil instead of thymine.
- mRNA matches with DNA, floats off to the endoplasmic reticulum outside the nucleus, and each codon connects with an amino acid forming a chain.
- A chain of amino acids is a protein.
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