Adjunct Techniques and Interventions Flashcard 1

A. Rationale: Advanced airway devices such as laryngeal mask airway, laryngeal tube, or esophageal-tracheal tube can be placed while chest compressions continue.

C. Rationale: The LUCAS device is a mechanical piston device that uses electric power to control a piston that compresses the sternum.

B. Rationale: A patient with an advanced airway should have respirations provided at a rate of 1 breath every 6 seconds. Early defibrillation must be provided if a shockable rhythm is identified as this will increase survival rates. During resuscitation, astute clinicians will evaluate for underlying conditions that may have led to the arrest, such as hypoxia or acidemia. In a cardiac arrest situation, when defibrillation is a possibility, an open source of oxygen should never be left close to the source. This can lead to a completely preventable defibrillation-related fire.

D. Rationale: Oxygen supplementation should be provided at 100% FiO₂ during resuscitation to increase the oxygen content of arterial blood and protect the tissues from the ischemic effects of cardiac arrest.

B. Rationale: If after 20 minutes of resuscitation, the ETCO₂ remains < 10 mm Hg and does not improve, then it may signify that there is an extremely poor chance of achieving ROSC and survival.

C. Rationale: There is no evidence suggesting that IABP can improve patient survival rates.

C. Rationale: The jaw-thrust maneuver is performed by gripping the angle of the jaw with both hands and attempting to pull the mandible anteriorly beyond the maxillae to open the airway. There is no need to flex or extend the neck. This maneuver protects the cervical vertebrae.

B. Rationale: End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO₂) measurements can be a predictor of resuscitation success or failure. Studies have shown that if the ETCO₂
remains at < 10 mm Hg after 20 minutes of resuscitation, the patient has a poor chance of survival.

C. Rationale: Maintaining a patent airway is essential when doing CPR. Sometimes, due to the loss of tone of the muscles in the throat, the tongue may fall back and cause an obstruction. The oropharyngeal airway can be used to maintain airway patency by pushing the tongue anteriorly and away from the pharyngeal wall.

C. Rationale: The IABP is a mechanical assist device that uses an intra-aortic catheter whose inflation and deflation is timed to the cardiac cycle to increase cardiac, brain, and systemic perfusion while reducing cardiac afterload. It may be associated with improved outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock in association with STEMI or cardiac surgery. Its use is contraindicated in patients with aortic disease or irreversible cardiac disease.