Acute Coronary Syndrome Flashcard
Rationale
C. Rationale: Referred pain from acute coronary syndromes can be felt in the left arm, neck, back, and jaw.
Question
A patient having a heart attack can feel pain areas of the body aside from the chest area, known as referred pain. A common area where a heart attack patient might feel referred pain is in the:
a. Left leg
b. Umbilicus
c. Jaw
d. Groin area
Answer
c. Jaw
Rationale
C. Rationale: Aspirin can be given to help delay the progress of a heart attack. It works as a blood thinner to improve circulation in the heart, given at a dose of 162 mg to 325 mg.
Question
As a trained first aid provider, you are tasked by a 9-1-1 dispatcher to give aspirin to a patient who is having a heart attack. What is the recommended dose of aspirin you should give?
a. 500 mg
b. 1,000 mg
c. 325 mg
d. 750 mg
Answer
c. 325 mg
Rationale
A. Rationale: Blood thinners such as aspirin can worsen gastrointestinal bleeding. It is contraindicated in these patients unless given by a specialist.
Question
Blood thinners can help delay the progress of myocardial ischemia in patients having a heart attack. In patients with which of the following conditions are blood thinners contraindicated?
a. Gastrointestinal bleeding
b. Headaches
c. Chest pain
d. Irregular heartbeat
Answer
a. Gastrointestinal bleeding
Rationale
C. Rationale: A person having cardiac arrest presents with no breathing, no pulse, and unresponsiveness.
Question
Early recognition of cardiac arrest is critical to ensure the initiation of an immediate and proper response. A person in cardiac arrest typically presents with:
a. Rapid pulse
b. Seizure
c. No breathing
d. Dizziness
Answer
c. No breathing
Rationale
C. Rationale: For heart attacks happening outside of the hospital setting, the quality of resuscitation depends on a community of first responders and lay rescuers knowledgeable in giving cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Question
For patients with heart attacks that happen at home or in a public place, the quality of the resuscitation is mostly dependent on
a. Being near a hospital with the most specialized doctors
b. Being near a hospital with the most state-of-the-art equipment
c. The community of first responders and lay rescuers with knowledge in CPR
d. By-standers calling 9-1-1 immediately
Answer
c. The community of first responders and lay rescuers with knowledge in CPR
Rationale
B. Rationale: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, with 85% caused by sudden cardiac arrest or heart attack and stroke. http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds).
Question
What is the leading cause of death in the United States?
a. Diabetes mellitus
b. Cardiovascular disease
c. Cancer
d. Accidents
Answer
b. Cardiovascular disease.