ACLS Principles Flashcard 6
Rationale
D. Rationale: Atropine has been removed from the cardiac arrest algorithm.
Question
Atropine dosages in PEA are:
a. A maximum of 3 mg
b. 0.05–0.1 mg
c. 2 mg
d. None of the above
Answer
d. None of the above
Rationale
B. Rationale: BLS can be taken as a separate course, but it is included in the ACLS course.
Question
BLS is a course that must be taken prior to taking ACLS.
a. True
b. False
Answer
b. False
Rationale
B. Rationale: High-quality CPR is the most essential component of the BLS skill set. The other skills are necessary for ACLS but are NOT part of the BLS skill set.
Question
BLS skills that are important to succeed in the ACLS course include:
a. Advanced airway management
b. High-quality CPR
c. Rhythm recognition
d. Knowledge of basic ACLS drugs
Answer
b. High-quality CPR
Rationale
D. Rationale: During CPR, the AED is used immediately once it becomes available.
Question
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is being given to an older man. An AED is brought to the scene. What is the next step?
a. Continue CPR for one more cycle before applying the AED pads.
b. Place the AED next to the patient for use once EMS personnel arrive.
c. Stop chest compressions but continue rescue breathing.
d. Pause CPR and attach the AED to the patient immediately.
Answer
d. Pause CPR and attach the AED to the patient immediately.
Rationale
B. Rationale: Everyone should be clear of the patient when shocks are delivered. A chest depth of greater than or equal to 2 inches is recommended. If no advanced airway is present, CPR in PEA should be delivered at a 30:2 ratio.
Question
CPR in PEA should:
a. Attain a chest depth of greater than or equal to 1 cm
b. Be interrupted to deliver shocks
c. Be delivered at a 30:1 ratio if no advanced airway is in place
d. All of the above
Answer
b. Be interrupted to deliver shocks
Rationale
A. Rationale: To succeed in ACLS, the student must know which medication to use in each algorithm. The other responses may be useful information for the student but are not necessary for success in the ACLS course.
Question
Drug knowledge required to pass ACLS includes:
a. Which drugs to use in the ACLS algorithms
b. The classification of each drug
c. The mode of action of each drug
d. The half-life of the medications
Answer
a. Which drugs to use in the ACLS algorithms
Rationale
D. Rationale: Epinephrine to treat cardiac arrest is recommended to be given as a dose of 1 mg every 3 to 5 minutes IV or IO using a solution of 1:10,000 dilution. Studies have shown that this standard dose was responsible for improved survival and ROSC. (ACLS Case: Cardiac Arrest)
Question
Epinephrine is given IV to treat cardiac arrest in a dilution of:
a. 1:10
b. 1:100
c. 1:1,000
d. 1:10,000
Answer
d. 1:10,000
Rationale
B. Rationale: ETCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide exhaled at the end of the exhalation phase as measured by waveform capnography.
Question
ETCO2 is:
a. Monitored by pulse oximetry
b. The partial pressure of CO2 in exhaled air at the end of the exhalation phase
c. Not an effective way to monitor ventilation
d. No longer used in ACLS
Answer
b. The partial pressure of CO2 in exhaled air at the end of the exhalation phase
Rationale
D. Rationale: The first action is to resume CPR, but simultaneously another team member should be establishing IV/IO access, and you should be preparing to check the rhythm again after 5 cycles of CPR.
Question
Following the ACLS algorithm, after delivering the second shock to a patient, what actions should you be taking?
a. Resuming CPR.
b. Establishing IV/IO access.
c. Preparing for the third shock after a rhythm check.
d. All of the above
Answer
d. All of the above
Rationale
A. Rationale: If ROSC is not achieved within 5 minutes, the team should prepare for a caesarian section delivery to protect the mother and the fetus.
Question
For a pregnant patient in cardiac arrest, a caesarian section delivery should be considered if ROSC is not achieved within:
a. 5 minutes
b. 10 minutes
c. 15 minutes
d. 30 minutes
Answer
a. 5 minutes