First Aid Flashcard 2

C. Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is a medical condition that causes higher than normal blood sugar levels. The condition can be due to insulin resistance, where the body’s cells no longer function appropriately in the presence of insulin, or it can be due to an inability of the pancreas to produce significant amounts of insulin.

C. Rationale: The patient is most likely to have heatstroke. Thermoregulation function in older individuals is not efficient. Walking on a summer day can increase body temperature after exercising along with exposure to radiant heat from the sun. The signs and symptoms of heatstroke include weakness, confusion, hallucinations, fainting spells, seizures, fast breathing, and rapid pulse. Their skin is reddish and warm. The most significant clinical finding is a patient presenting with a core body temperature of 104°F or 40°C, which leads to the diagnosis of heatstroke.

A. Rationale: Heroin, hydrocodone, and morphine are all examples of opioids that are commonly used.

B. Rationale: According to OSHA regulations, first aid responders must reach patients within 3 to 4 minutes in areas where there is a high risk of accidents.

C. Rationale: For first aid responders and lay rescuers, the application of pressure over the bleeding site is preferred over tourniquets. Tourniquets can cause the following injuries: tissue ischemia, compartment syndrome, reperfusion injuries, and pain from the tourniquet site.

D. Rationale: Heroin is part of the opioid toxidrome, along with morphine, methadone, oxycodone, and hydromorphone. Aside from heroin abuse, over-prescription of these medicines has contributed to the opioid epidemic in the U.S.

C. Rationale: Ensure that the scene is safe. If it is not safe, the rescuer should attempt to move the patient to a safe place. Responders cannot help a patient if their own safety is at risk.

A. Rationale: The recommended intervention to warm an affected limb with treatable frostbite is to heat the affected limb for about 20 to 30 minutes in water heated to 104°F or 40°C and no lower than the core body temperature of the patient.

C. Rationale: Sudden cardiac arrest is most often caused by coronary artery disease in the United States. Coronary artery disease leads to ischemic events, which damage heart tissue and can lead to fatal arrhythmias.

B. Rationale: Naloxone is the medication that should be given for a suspected opioid overdose. It works by blocking the opiate receptors and reversing the effects of opiate overdose.