BLS Algorithm Flashcard 3
Rationale
A. Rationale: The recommended compression depth for infants and children is 1/3 the anterior-posterior diameter or roughly 1-½ inches.
Question
What is the recommended compression depth for infant and children CPR?
a. 1/3 the child’s anterior-posterior diameter
b. 2 inches
c. 2-½ inches
d. ½ the child’s anterior-posterior diameter
Answer
a. 1/3 the child’s anterior-posterior diameter
Rationale
C. Rationale: The recommended compression rate is 100–120 per minute to achieve sufficient coronary perfusion pressures.
Question
What is the recommended compression rate for CPR?
a. 60–70 per minute
b. 80–90 per minute
c. 100–120 per minute
d. 120–140 per minute
Answer
c. 100–120 per minute
Rationale
B. Rationale: The recommended pad placement for infants, due to their small chest, is the anterior-posterior placement.
Question
What is the recommended placement of the AED pads in infants?
a. Anterior-anterior
b. Anterior-posterior
c. Anterior-apex
d. Same as for an adult
Answer
b. Anterior-posterior
Rationale
B. Rationale: The recommended rate of chest compressions when performing high-quality CPR is 100–120 compressions per minute, at a depth of 5 centimeters or 2 inches, done at the center of the chest over the sternum with one hand on top of the other and elbows extended, and utilizing the lay rescuer’s body weight to apply pressure.
Question
What is the recommended rate of chest compressions when performing adult CPR?
a. 150–200 compressions per minute
b. 100–120 compressions per minute
c. 60–90 compressions per minute
d. 30–40 compressions per minute
Answer
b. 100–120 compressions per minute
Rationale
D. Rationale: The carotid artery is conveniently located close to the circulatory center. Therefore, it is usually a stronger pulse that is easier for most responders to find.
Question
When assessing the pulse in an unresponsive, unconscious patient in respiratory arrest, what is the best artery to palpate?
a. Dorsalis pedis
b. Posterior tibial
c. Popliteal
d. Carotid
Answer
d. Carotid
Rationale
D. Rationale: The CPR guidelines state that most of the cardiac arrest events in infants and children happen at home. Outcomes with no neurologic deficits improve when the lay rescuer provides high-quality CPR and defibrillation promptly after witnessing the cardiac arrest.
Question
Where do most sudden cardiac arrest events in infants and children occur?
a. At school or in daycare
b. In the movies
c. At the park
d. At home
Answer
d. At home
Rationale
A. Rationale: The two-finger technique is recommended for cardiac arrest patients < 1 year of age.
Question
Which of the following chest compression techniques is appropriate for a cardiac arrest patient who is 4 months old?
a. Two-finger technique
b. One-handed technique
c. Two-handed technique
d. Only mouth-to-mouth breathing is necessary for infants in cardiac arrest
Answer
a. Two-finger technique
Rationale
A. Rationale: High-quality CPR occurs when the rescuer performs the following: (1) chest compressions at a rate of 100–120 per minute; (2) a compression depth of 2 inches; (3) allows full chest recoil on the upstroke; (4) a compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2, and (5) minimizes interruptions in chest compressions.
Question
Which of the following statements is a component of high-quality chest compressions in adults?
a. Compression depth of 2 inches
b. Compression rate of 130 per minute
c. Leaning on the chest on the upstroke
d. Precordial thump
Answer
a. Compression depth of 2 inches
Rationale
A. Rationale: The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends that dispatchers learn to give instructions to laypersons over the phone to perform chest compression-only CPR. Therefore, the AHA recommends anyone able to perform chest compression-only CPR may perform it.
Question
Who can perform chest compression-only CPR?
a. Anybody, even the untrained rescuer
b. Only ACLS-trained healthcare providers
c. Only EMT professionals
d. Only BLS trained healthcare providers
Answer
a. Anybody, even the untrained rescuer
Rationale
B. Rationale: For an infant, the encircling-thumbs technique provides space for the second rescuer to provide rescue breaths.
Question
You and a friend are performing chest compressions on a 7-month-old infant in cardiac arrest. Which chest compression technique is recommended for a two-rescuer team?
a. Two-finger technique
b. Encircling-thumbs technique
c. One-handed chest compression
d. Two-handed chest compression
Answer
b. Encircling-thumbs technique